Terse: sparing in the use of words; abrupt

Introduction

Everything can be understood simply Complexity is created by the combination of simple steps Complexity of solutions should be equal or less than that of the problem Masters of a subject knows its parts and can explain them simply Everyone has the ability to understand anything and everything, it's a matter of steps to be taken Beware of rune-goldberg solutions; Beware of that or those whom confuse you first principles: assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption To master a subject you must first master the building blocks We have all mastered at least one subject - our native language; Without thought of our language we use it as a tool to acquire new knowledge or to create Masters have a hard time imagining not knowing Masters know what is, they also know what is not

Argument

argument - ordinary parlance, argument is verbal dispute carried out with greater or less ferocity argument - technical notion different; begin with premise and infer conclusion; premises are statements; argument = premises and conclusions deductive argument - it is impossible for the conclusion to be false if the premises are true logicians care about the relationships between the premises - validity - may not be true induction - based on prior knowledge of repeatable events; you infer based reasoning of things previously happening hypotheis testing

Language

The great abstraction tool and interface Basic sounds of language - Phonemes Next building blocks - words, phrase, sentence, paragrah The most powerful aspect of language = Context Notation used in describing lanauge - Definition: replacement Context is how meaning is created Pattern matching - Creating definitions - basis of knowledge, Words connected to meaning Anything that tries actively to change or alter definitions is obfuscating truth When we debate we must make sure we agree on the definitions of the words being used Without thought of the language we use it as a tool to acquire new knowledge or to create Perfect: having all the required or desirable elements, qualities, or characteristics; as good as it is possible to be; completeness Perfect tense: a verb tense that is used to refer to an action or state that is completed at the time of speaking or at a time spoken of - completeness Ideas, thoughts, concepts - can be perfect Anything that exists in the world isn't perfect; It's incomplete New definitions evolve naturally Good definitions have clear and concise meaning Ambiguity exists in definitons - can be applied to other areas, subjects, help elucidate concepts elsewhere Tool for communication - Convey meaning Who gives language meaning? User/interpeter Requires two sides, the producer and consumer; Consumer gives it meaning based upon their own perception and understanding; Can be different for different consumers; Language meaningless without consumer; set of random symbols Ideal setting for learning - child, time, tutor, nothing else to learn, religion, context, physical actions, facial expressions, emotions, new memory, room to remember, time horizon Beauty of idea being encapsulated and encompased in a word Complex ideas can be linked to a single word A whole book of ideas can be linked to a title

Language Theory

Grammar - rules, productions, lexical, syntax Verb tenses - indicates information about time Perfect tense = complete People give words meaning; interpret; meaningless symbols without interpretation Meaning created through context associated with learning the word; Context most powerful tool to learn words Language - Symbols - group of symbols/characters form set - English: alphabet, computers: 0s and 1s Characeters linked together to form strings/words Make strings of symbols form words Language - set of strings Lexical analysis. Analyse words and tokenize aka labels for what part of speech Syntax analysis. Trees that associate tokens Spoken language is made of phonemes; smallest divisible unit; contain vowel sound or consanant + vowel sound All languages have a set of phonemes Spoken lanugage linked with symbols to create written language Phonemes can match multiple symbols Symbols can match multiple phonemes 1) phonemes 2) syllables 3) words(lexeme) 4) sentences 5) paragraph 6) story => convey meaning Different translations can convey the same meaning Learning a language - phonenems, words, sentences, ideas; 5000-60k words, takes time, context most poweful, idea situation is parent to child, time, caring, knows what you know, emotion, stories, context; make finite, learn what you need for certain situation, turning on radio and listening may be hardest thing to do - minimum context, no feedback

Through Language we gain Knowledge

Creating associations between a word and its meaning Definition: a statement of the exact meaning of a word, especially in a dictionary Commit to memory definitions or facts so they become automatic or innate

Gaining Knowledge - Analogies

Climbing a mountain - small step, different routes, using a guide, looking up is daunting/unknown, looking down gives you perspective and insight Hammering Nail - accuracy important, repeat process, incremental improvement, may need to restart Mentorship - expert input, knows your level, can guide/motivate/challenge

Philosophy

Philosophy: the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline. beginnigs of all subjects of study; subjects were philosophy before it became a subject. ie. Math, English, science First philosphers - Confuscious, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle Logic: a systemic study of valid rules of inference. i.e. The relations that lead to the acceptance of one proposition (the conclusion) on the basis of a set of other propositions (premsises). Validity and soundness of deductive reasoning The strength of inductive reasoning Formal proofs of inference Study of syntax and semantics Mathematical logic - boolean logic, symbolic logic Math - Can be perfect; Abstract conception with its own rules Argument: a coherent series of reasons, statements, or facts intended to support or establish a point of view Argument - basis for debate; use premises that are generally accepted as true; chain premises together to argument point; beware of logical fallacies Path to Reason first principles does God exist? The concept exists - An all knowing, omni-present, designer and creator do I exist? I think therefore I am am I god? Am I all knowing? No. what is religion? A system of beliefs. A philosophy of life.

Belief

Belief is opinions based on concepts that may have no existence in the physical world Belief: an acceptance that a statement is true or that something exists; something one accepts as true or real; a firmly held opinion or conviction Areas of knowledge should not become focuses of belief Faith: complete trust or confidence in someone or something Text can be the perfect set of ideas. Belief systems should be based on area of belief. Not the physical world. Devoid of proper belief system attempt to fill void with other interests. ie. sports, dieting, science, atheism, government; creates false idols Religion: the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods; a set of beilefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the conduct of human affairs

Religion/faith/belief system

Free will is the basis for belief It is who you are Knowledge is what we can learn through observation and experimentation We use our mind, thinking and analysis An all knowing, designer and creator exists - can be know conceptually as god We are not all knowing, we are not god A noble goal is learning since the more we learn the closer we become to God We can see God in everything ever created or anything in existence We can only see what God has created in this world Our mind can reason with abstract concepts of what God has created Since we do not know everything much is left to faith or belief Spirit/heart/faith, soul/brain/mind, body/flesh/desire Knowing is incomplete for us; we choose what to believe as true, choose what to learn Knowledge = truth Beliefs are based on our personal body of knowledge What we belief can be not true. Harder to reassess/change True and lies exist in everything. A written lie contains truth of the language it is written. Conceptually you can know that God exists in the abstract. Abstract ideas can be perfect Physical world is imperfect You never know for certain what will occur in the physical world You are left with belief and faith/fear in things you can not know Everything written or made has gods imprint, can be affected by god. The more you use your freedom to choose the more you choose gods path Freedom of choice is not freedom from consequnce You can choose to believe you don't have free will. Then it is given away are you thus give your choice to another Bad path to ignore or go against free will You choose that you have free will, you choose that you have a choice You choose what you believe You can choose to believe in the existence of God Right and wrong exist Whether you believe they do or not True or false exist If you choose God doesn't exist it is a bad path Each small denial of free will compounds You can choose free will at any time Different literature has different amounts of truth You use your mind and conscious to decifer what is true The bible is said to be the perfect word of God. Psalm 18:30 God/life always favors freedom, free thought, free choice, thinking, individuality, response with decision based on morals, truth God controls all aside from free will; God created the word; Has power over words produced; Would not force himself on you but give you path if you choose; Would produce document to read his word; Just like we have a story that unfolds god also has a story that is unfolding; We were created in his image. Never be afraid to speak the truth Faith VS Fear Fear - poor rationality, emotional Faith - Love Choose free will; Choose choice; Choose faith; choose truth; choose love

Knowledge vs Belief

Knowledge: facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. A concept's truth is strengthened in true in different domains. eg. base of knowledge, base of building, base/bass of music If you don't have knowledge you end up using belief. Belief should be used in its proper realm Truths: definitions, vibrations, phonetics, math, language How to tell the difference: people get upset when you challenge their beliefs if they have a weak base Sciene: any system of knowledge that is concerned with the physical world and it's phenoma and that entails unbiased observations and systematic experimentation. In general, a science involves a pursuit of knowledge covering general truths or the operations of fundamental laws. Fact: something that has actual existance : an actual occurence Knowledge: collection of data, creation of definitions Belief: conviction that abstract ideas are true!

World views

Chef - knowledge large, manage/delegate, plan, knows audience, knows basic elements and skills extremely well, virtusos, adapts, timing Business - mutually beneficial relationships Parental - top down control Struggle - have vs have-nots, abundance vs scarcity

Learning

suspended disbelief - acquire constructs that don't fully make sense; don't have bigger picture; if confusing move on, reasses later Implicit vs explicit First principles, basis, building blocks, inductive Making infinite to finite, reduce amount of extraneous info or possible answers once you know a subject when you first start learning a subject it appears to be infinite because you don't know what isn't true; As you become knowledgable on the subject you know what to ignore, you know what topics are part of the subject, you kow what isn't Learn a table of contents = topics in a subject Master a subject you become a detector of bad/wrong/misleading information While still learning if you don't understand it's possible 1) you don't know enough 2) it's wrong Steps to learn - 1 basic building blocks, base case; 2 combine, recombine; 3 Memorize to make reproduction automatic; 4 create new idea

Stimulus

Humans have different receptors to turn stimuli into electrical impulses that travel to our brain so they can be perceived Are sense systems only respond to change in frequency from the stimuli; pressure, pain, sound, chemical, light, temperature Response curves Constant input is tuned out, no matter the frequency We have response curves to particular input, certain frequencies of input and their amplitude make our receptors more excitable, trigger a response Travels as electrical impulses through body and can change at membranes as chemical or neurotransmitters gradients

Truth

create links Knowledge = wealth Wealth= knowledge Truth = reality Whole system is perfect, parts of system is incomplete and not perfect Verifiable, repeatable Bad info obfuscates. Anything infinite large or small difficult to assess Correct link may appear obvious after known, difficult to ascertain at first Fallacies Believable lies have elements of truth If one can't explain area or expertise simply either problem is too complex or they don't sufficient understand it. If complex can be broken down into smaller problems

Music

first instrument - the voice; everyone should sing, everyone can sing; unique voices are often the most sought-after; when you sing you internalize and produce different vibrations Best music tool - the ear; can be trained once you master an instrument you can hear the different tones in your head and produce it reflexively with the instrument vibration: variation, waves, high/low volume, cycles/second (Hertz; Hz), silence vs noise, consonance and dissonance Static graphs: amplitude vs time, amplitude vs frequency based on the bass tones/low frequency, with harmony phrasing, tempo, key, notes human perception - personal tastes largely influenced by history of listening, associated visual stimuli, mood, scene; typically 0-24k Hz just noticeable difference, amount stimulus has to be changed in order to notice difference western music, 12 semitones harmonics, all notes have higher frequency notes that reinforce the basic tone to varying degrees. Intergers reinforce to the greatest degree, then largest fractions. Basis for chords. Perfect 5th reinforces the most than the 3rd gives the chord character sine wave is pure one frequency instruments do not perfectly produce tons, get wide variety of frequencies, harmonics the strongest. Imperfections give sound character learn music notation - Grand staff; Know intervals, triads basis for most chords; Music staff - count by intervals - Below octave 1,3,5,7 on same - note either on line or space; C is mirrored on the major staff Memorize songs you like, keys, notes, changes, sound. Helps you play others Always start by reading bass note ABCDEFG - skipping one to build Triads -> ACE CEG GBD BDF DFA FAC; Middle tone gives chord minor or major characteristic Note frequencey - Every octave doubles the note frequency Create scale notes - between octave notes are large fractions ie. 1/2,2/3,4/5 of Octave

Sound Design

Attack Decay Sustain Release Curve - ADSR different instruments have distinctive curve wave forms, compression/expansion of air show graph : amplitude vs time change amplitude still same freq objective stimuli vs subjective perception: ie. amplitude vs loudness, freq vs tone Fourier theorm- can build any sound by adding sine wave frequencies Sensitivity curve - subjective perception graph: perception vs frequency, dB vs Hz (0-20k) properties of sound - Freq, amplitude, timbre timbre: the character or quality of a musical sound or voice as distinct from its pitch and intensity Timbre - attack decay sustain release: can be applied to volume or other sound characteristics, decay, reverb, echo What music we like is affected by aural history, emotion, visuals, memory, story

Selfishness

Cannot care for others if you have not cared for oneself first Actions to please others may be unwanted, unecessary, unappreciated, inaccurate, unjustified Actions for self should not be to the detriment or at the expense of others

Mindset/politics/government

growth vs fixed, Finite vs infinite, inevitable vs choices and change, scarcity vs abundance work - there will always be work to do - vegetation, wear and tear, depreciation, erosion, people like new, new inventions freedom vs tyrannry taxes? How much is needed, forced or voluntary, how is it used. Can only be paid by people. Corporate taxes are passed on through price of the product to the people competition is freedom to make someone fail tell them they've already succeeded when they haven't, do things for them, say they can't do it on their own someones inefficient or useless job will cause someone else's job to be harder; high salary job without output will cause someelse to have to do far more work

Beginning Economies - Money/trade

At first trade products - Commodity Money used as medium for trade makes more efficient, allows indirect trading Increase supply, decreases price Increase quality, increases price Increase demand, increases price Decrease price, increases consumption Supply side economics - consumer demand relies upon product creation Work to produce to meet needs/wants Price - fluctuating variable - should be dictated by free market. Producer consumer relationship Increase supply of money => decrease deman (cause of inflation)

Media

Anything visual or auditory produced for human consumption Mass media largely controlled by those with most money Truth only meets the consumers demand, if you don't deman truth you will be lied to All media is made for others consumption: motives, biases, agenda, benevolent or malevolent Bad media fault of producers and consumers

Governence

Government cannot be capitalistic; only different levels of socialism - means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole Collectivism = fascism, communism, socialism Liberty restricted bigger gov grows Only worldly entity that can 'legally' abuse/restrict/hurt/kill Free or subsidized for one creates a cost for someone else Decentralized power most efficient Centralized: not responsive, inefficient, act on less info, abusive, slow to adapt Pyramid scheme - Goverment is the biggest; Actors on top cannot directly affect anyone, require action and or compliance through lower levels; Lower the level the most taken advantage of You are always free; It is your choice All systems of control/goverence in this world are pyramid schemes with the few at the top in control. These systems immediately collapse once the people underneath stop participating. It only takes one individual to collapse the whole structure Only purpose of a government should be to protect individual rights

Reality

Nothing is inevitable, all is subject to change, growth mindset, freedom Relativism vs absolutism; need both, reality based on both; there is absolute truths, moral truths, reality Must agree on foundational truths; word definitions - set by us/history; effort to undermine definitions is an effort to undermine truth Greater good is sacrificed if even one individuals rights are abused right: morally good, justified, or acceptable; true or correct as a fact left: Relating to a person or group favouring radical, reforming, or socialist views Sinister: singularly evil or productive of evil; accompanied by or leading to disaster; of, relating to, or situated to the left or on the left side of something

Socialism - mindset

Belief in sharing with disregard to production Don't concern selfs with inputs or work done for production, assume it will happen Greed/envy/selfishness of what others have Push ideas through government school systems, not in free-market Focus on what others have in relation to oneself Use of fear; pro union, unearned benefits; lost jobs, loss salary Makes proponents feel good for supporting it irrespective of the end results Proponents argue it's for everyone's good but support rooted in selfish motives Viewed as half/have-nots vs to how an economy works as a whole Belief finite resources, scarcity Believe it's Inevitable that someone will do the work Assume others labor as a constant Does not care for others free will or motivation Belief they have a right to others goods or others labor Believe life is zero sum Believes there is winners and losers Censorship okay Compare life outcomes without looking at entire inputs Belief goods will inevitably be produced without concerning selves with input Centralized control Believe others not as smart as them, need to be controlled Don't have faith in humanity Don't believe in change Path to communism which is complete control

Communism

Communism requires fear slaves and the enablers Must remove religion, hope; Eradicate hope and religious belief to keep populace in state of fear to control Believes in abstract "greater good" which is purposefully ill-defined; abuse of inidivisuals rationalized Power class who own political power and assest; nepotism; permanent ruling class Any population ruled though fear will be unable to mount a physical attack on any opposition and thus rely on psychological and subversive attacks; Paper tiger Fearful populace, media pushing non stop fear porn/propaganda The higher up in the pyramid the more fearful of outward forces Requre hivemind; No innovation, no motivation, poor entrepreneurs, low quality art. Resort to stealing from greater nations race to the bottom, no care for quality, just to get by look at end result in history

Capitalism - mindset

Free thought, oppose censorship, growth Unlimited resources (will find alternatives or innovate, efficent use) Knowledge Hard work, goals Find markets, create opportunities, offer solutions Goods need to be created Believe people need to be motivated Mutually beneficial relationships Fit market demands, flexible, efficient, reduce waste and redundancy Faith in humanity People can change Believe in freedom quality and innovation increased, consumer plays direct role with demands, choose the best product Competition - Pushes innovation and iteration

Corporatism - crony capitalism

Plutoaucracy; Fascism; eventually kakistocracy Governing bodies collude with big corporations Money goes both ways; tax money to corps, big contracts to the corps, favorable policies back, kickbacks

Socialist system

Unions control; out only for the union heads then members No accountability, something goes wrong they demand more funding No care for the consumers Hold systems hostage by refusing to work; numner one tactic; used no matter what the consequences Unions instill fear in union members that they need the union; holds back individuals, little motiviation to improve or differentiate, worse individuals do as well as the best

Capitalist system - ideal laissez-faire

You vote with every single dollar, with who you associate with, with where you work Corporations are accountable to the consumer Corporations can be crushed by the consumer

Left

Insults, lies, slander, obfuscates/gas-lights Fake moral superiority; no basis for morals Politics above truth Never admit error; always double down Change definitions of words to suit political endpoints Projects, accuse others of what they do Favor and whorship death One ideology, one party Others work for parties desire False idols Emotions over logic Fear over faith Believe in inevitability From one moral panic to the next

Painting

learn to draw for humans, animals - measure, distances between as or more important than nose, eyes important to use reference photo for man-made constructs - use ruler, straight lines important learn color wheel, mixing. Mix color first, then add black or white focus of shapes you see, not on constructs you know learn to blend gradients acrylic - quick drying, cheaper, relatively non-toxic, more difficult to blend, long-term less breakdown; oil - expensive, more toxic, easier to blend painting landscapes paint background first, sky, then add foreground objects, scale less important for landscapes, important for humans/animals painting gives you an appreciation for the beauty in everything

Memory

Read it, write it, listen to it explain it, transform it, repeat it Logical steps - memory aid. Can think through, repeat truth - easy to remember, repeatable, truth can be difficult to find, obvious once found or shown, once path shown easy to repeat, often a truth mixed with a lot of bad information repetition, emotion, story, logical steps, association storage: size & speed. Larger father away slower, closer faster but smaller

Science

what is science - hypothesis based on observation of the physical world Science: systematic knowledge of the physical or material world gained through observation and experimentation scientific study - abstract, purpose, materials and methods, results, discussion(sources of error), conclusion (areas of new study or how to do it better) Science is always incomplete, never exact, never perfect, can always be restudied, it's basis never confirmed, always smaller or bigger, conjecture that most often can not be seen directly with the naked eye always has: error, most often human, is only a subset, can not factor in all variable, difficult to isolate certain variables how to read a study - look at abstract, then discussion or conclusion, look at methods or results. At every point as "does this make sense". Lots of bad and good studies hippocratic oath, do no harm, treat the sick, don't treat the healthy; informed consent, no coercion; personal relationship with Doctor scientific method Intro, purpose, materials, methods, observations, calculations, data/findings, discussion, conclusion - repeat to try and make better

Computers - Overview

Purpose - computation and communication Modern computers based on state of electric voltage; memory storage of high or low voltage; high or low voltage represented as 1s and 0s respectively Logic - Basis; true AND false = false; true or false = true Current is controlled by gates which are turned on and off Big concepts: 1) symbols/code/representation 2) input and output - black or white box 3) abstract, interface 4) meta, reuse 1. Interface 2. Implementation 3. Abstraction 4. Meta - recursive, self referential Input to Output - basic representation - actual. Send, receive, process, sendback, receiveback, process Servers, loops, send and recieve Based on conventions, past history, specifications; standarization, specification Theory and practice - creating interfaces. At every level Design: what you take away can be as important as what you add; Design - Tradeoffs - accuracy, speed, reliabiltiy, readability, efficiency Provide limitless ways to produce the same result; some ways more efficient; can contain infinite amount of redundancy; function obfuscated through excess code Nothing in a computer exists without a human implementing it; any definition was programmed

Computers

Always incomplete/limited - Finite speed, memory, bandwith Interface: a surface regarded as the common boundary of two bodies, spaces, or phases. the facts, problems, considerations, theories, practices, etc., shared by two or more disciplines, procedures, or fields of study; shared boundary across which two or more separate components of a computer system exchange information Everything we create is an interface between man and machine, even machine to machine are still used by man; Bottom layer 0 and 1s. Top layer human interface. In between, programming languages, intermedia language representation, instruction set, boolean/arithmetic Modelled after us; Learn about us by studying Based on true/false, one and zero, on/off Strings of zero and ones, basic building block for code; Strings - utf, ascii - specifaction for linking symbol to string of 0s and 1s Data structures - abstract representations for information Most fundamental data structure - array: contiguous elements in order, in physical memory is a sequence of address and their contents; physical memory is addresses next to eachother that hold a specific number of 0s and 1s Linked lists - can be not contiguous

Computers - Elements

Program: a set of related measures or activities with a particular long-term aim;program - list of operations to be performed; can view everything the computer software as a program Everything is a program - list of instructions Function/method - just small programs; only actual function is time; everything else is state change, the state of 0s and 1s in the system black box vs white box - you don't know how the box functions vs you do; trade off of not know, easy to implement, dont have to study, problem of being able to adapt it or scale it abstraction power: hides details not need; drawback is hides details when needed Good interface vs bad interface; easy to understand what purpose is; doesn't do anything you think it shouldnt do; clear intent

Computers - A story

Where do we start? Levels of interface; Top? human user inferface, anyone who uses a computer is a computer programmer; Bottom? Conceptual 0s and 1s physical layer is below software - can be implemented in different substrates, gates of information flow; modern computers use electrical voltage level, previously were static tubes; Anything that can represent of and off could be used Binary is base language used for computer; Consists of 0s and 1s Link together to produce strings which allow for representation of other symbols base 2 since two choices; every added digit increase options by power of 2; 8 digits = 2^8 = 128 options Modern standarized systems for symbold represenation - ascii (older, fewer symbols), utf basic types: integer, character, long, string, bool; design trade offs, bigger use more memory more complext types - built using basic types all data types basis is physical arrays (a section location in physical memory from one address to the next) Abstract data types - abstract ideas humans use to reason about data, use address references Examples - single-linked lists, double-linked list, trees, dictionary/hashmap/tables, set, stack queue Best abstract type? Personal opinion but.. Tables - Lua language exclusivily uses them Loops - recursion vs interation - way to recuse code Futher Abstraction tool in computers - Naming: programs, functions, modules - All point to a different part of code Abstraction - great way to encapsulate a lot of details into one interface - Hides details - ease of use - bad side - unsure of details, not sure what happens, hidden information A string can be linked to any place in code; create a function Understanding computers gives no mastery in programming; must be accusomted and efficient in certain languages, libraries, frameworks, corner-cases

Foundational Programs

Compilers - Converts code of one language to another; Lexical tokens - scan input and assign type to lexemes; Create a parse to using syntax; Generate code in target language which is normally the processor instruction set; Can use intermediate steps Operating system - Functions: memory management, file management, process management; Old computer - human was operation system. Would input programs into computer and obtain output; RAM Memory alloted to running programs; Files are long term memory storage; Process use registers, ram and long term storage; beginning computers - human would input differt cards, managed time/context; OS is a program taht controls/manages: memory, process, file management

Computers - High level abstractions

Central processing unit - Operations: basic arithmetic, store/retreive from memory location, jump to instruction; compare variables (variabe is a name, like a definition, but can be linked to different values depending on time/context); jump to (line in code); store/load (to/from memory); At higher levels of the computer everything links back to these basic operations these used in different combinations Memory - has both an address and size, implemented as series of 0s and 1s; Array of contiguous data, can be of different sizes; 3 general types of memory storage - typical sizes and address space; 1) Register - contained in the CPU, small (most 64 addresses), fast, unstable (easily erased, power shut off) 2) ram - middle distance from CPU, mid size, unstable 3) hard drive/ssd/discs - blow, slow, stable, far from CPU Instructions set for a CPU; each instruction is a specfic length (specifc number of bits); Different CPUs have different instuctions sets - a list of instructions it can use; A single instruction will have different parts - type, operand Big Concepts: Servers, Ports, Sockets environment - Means the variables and their values; programming language have different accessable if allowed; operating system has an environment/variables; an area in memory, it's contents Internet - hypertext markup language - hypertext means links HTTP - hypertext transfer protocol - specification - info is passed as a series of 0s and 1s; The transfer protocol is information (0s and 1s) that contact information before the HTML Framework - used for specific use case, usually contains libraries

Computer Languages

High level abstraction; user interface What are they? A specification for keywords and syntax, ie. how code is parsed into tokens, specific keywords used (often under 30) Language or code meaningless/non-functional without a compiler - changes code into instructions Compiler - a program - lexical analysis converts code into tokens (type, value); parsing - creates syntax tree code generation - create instuctions for specific instuction set Compiler vs Interpreter; Compiling is like translating a book - ahead of time, check for errors as a whole; Interpreter - like translating someones speech, line at a time Compare to Instruction set - Jump to instruction ~ block, function, method; variable value assignment (=) ~ store; AND, OR, == ~ compare (can compare value or contents or address); variable reference ~ load; +/-/x/divide ~ arithmetic Functional programming - close to math, reduces errors, formal proofs Objective Orientated programming; bad interface since poorly defined - multiple definitions; "encapsulation", "polymorphyism", lesser extent "inheritence" - more bad interfaces; Also terms such as "everything is an object", whats "everything", whats an "object"; most basic definition - variables can have both values and functions

Where code exists

Stored code - write a program and save it to long term memory Compile time (when code is compiled) - converted into form thats closer to instruction code Run time (when the code is run through the CPU)

High-Level Programming Language

Initial language was machine code (0s and 1s); higher level create abstractions that a) aim to remove tedious/repetitive tasks b) aid code organization c) help reduce errors/bugs C - Old; low level - programmer has to do more; used fo operating system; used pointers (variables that are addresses); syntax inspired many other languages; memory managment, allocated and deallocate; scope - based on the block it exists, enivronment Java - added garbage collection - you don't need to manage memory yourself; byte code - intermediate langauge, translation by java-virtual-machine - basically a compiler that is made for different operating systems and can target different instruction codes; strict compiler, code safety-gets rid of errors early before code runs; object orientated design - goal was code resuse, and give a userinterface to your code that can be used by other programmers Javasript - ubiquitous because in the browser (program to look online); used interprefer - not strict, faster than compiling Python - very readable, indents; automatic types; drawback is performance Lisp - old, uses braces, syntax tree Multi-tasking - shared memory creates race conditions (two process accessing same memory) Erlang - best for multi-processor, distributed programming - make it work, make it pretty, make it fast (order) Important to have personal opinin, overview, approach. Doesn't matter which, but you have a clear understanding and path to creating software that is consistent, easy for you to understand, explain to others Programming is changning settings; highest level is chaning the settings of the human gui;lower level is creating the settings and creating the conditions under what the settings change and what they change from and then to

AI/Machine learning

Artificial intelligence will always be a copy; copy never as good as the original humans not even close to understanding our own complexity, incapable of designing something superior computers based in math, cannot comprehend; cannot create abstract terms; cannot believe Machine learning is fitting a line to a graph of data; rudimentary pattern recognition

Value Humanity

You are special You are the same and different to others No person is greater or lesser No false idols; don't idolize other people; every is fallible; no one is pure evil or pure good

Thoughts

basic concepts strengthen if applicable in different domains - use analogies Math - is perfect; can be proved; own language; abstract concept with own rules Adults - can have converstions about anything and do have them; do not ignore hard situations, topics; do not censor; more speech is always the solutions; better ideas always win People as computers - Load information into memory; ideas as software - can be good or bad; Processing speed doesn't matter as much as correct or more efficient algorithms Food and Activity - affects mood and congnition; Food or what we ingest should be used as a tool; Eat when hungry, food is fuel, you don't fuel your car on a regular when its already full or it hasn't been driven Side effects of religion - faith over fear; community; solid foundation; shared beleifs; presentation of beliefs to others; meaning; hope/faith; expands your timeline; place to look for answers Everyone wants? To feel important Clear, accurate - good; Obscure/confusion/wrong/lie - devil, evil. Bad info, too much; Everything we see is god -> truth; Everything that obfuscates is evil Table of Contents: important, follow path, explain main points You only need to be as honest with someone as they are to you. Don't lie but can selectively omit. Truth is ideal. Never be afraid to say what you believe is truth Everyone has a right to their opinion; Should be debated and changed if need be Thoery is important for learning, Solidify concepts with examples or use in practice Everyone believes they are the good guy Evolution - Can be applied more broadly than where it is used generally; society, people, religion, ideas wealth = knowledge; knowledge = wealth; truth = reality; reality = truth Money - represents work hours to produce a commodity; Jobs are infinite, can be created; Work hours can be decreased, more efficient way of production; Decrease work hours for redundant mindless jobs creates better jobs; goal is to be a creator/designer; always work to do - things break/decay, people want new things; We need the system that best support Job creators aka entrepreneurs => Capitalism Future money system - art ledger, put art of free market to be bought, ledger must match owner or art worthless God is complete, perfect God cannot prove he exists because that would eliminate belief, God would want to give us a path to him, give us word to read that would be accesible to all, would judge kindly those that never had the chance Systems: Everything exists in systems; impossible to isolate single variable, can only make inferences Rich - financial wealth largely held in assests; Can abuse or manipulate systems that they control; media is biggest influence Comedy - key element is surprise Design - what you take away can be as important as what you add Simulation - if this is a simulation; the creator will communicate with us; it's incomplete Hard work is a skill Only compare yourself to other people if you are going to use it as motivation; We all have an infinite amount of different pasts and it's counterproductive you compare yourself to others. Never argue using fear; Never trust an argument from fear The right answer to an issue is always the same Only one true enemy - It's not you, and it's not someone else Most important word - 'why', then 'what'. What does need to be answered first be aware of buzzwords - question underlying meaning, importance, basis You are what you consume - Food/Media/Words Goal of a career - become a designer/creator whatever you believe, If you belief it long and strong enough will come true, good or bad You exist as spirit, mind and body; belief, thought, flesh Without a belief system you have no faith; You end up following those around you are that of the media you consume; Without faith you have fear; Without faithYou will always be empty You must take care of all three. You're spirit comes first and that is your belief system. The next is your mind. That is what you can learn about the world. Then is your body and that is your diet and exercise. Without the first your body feels empty. A healthy body feeds back to reinforce the first two Government - religious anarchy - let religious beliefs dictacte how people are dealth with, no formal government, tithe to support others only people pay taxes; corporations pass tax cost on to costumer; fair tax; governments have no product or means to create value or money; can only take from the workers Truth is power = you know what to ignore, what is noise Truth encompases everything, is reality; individual statements can be true in their limited environment, not part of truth; facts are like definitions Peronsal governing - how to act, increaseing affect; Least affective to most - Voting, where you shop, where you live, friends you have, conversations you have Ideas are contagious - the better the idea the more contagious; May start of small, might be not well accepted at first any individual can affect the future of mankind - history proves that time and time again, the names from history you know is proof of that Side effects of belief in God: Christianity as an example: faith instead of fear, friendship instead of time online, reading a book instead of watching influencers #1 important thing to people = feel important; treat people like they are, they become important, you become important Absolute and relative - Things exist in the relative and the absolute; Both need to be taken into account Important to get to know the table of contents. It's the underlying structure of a subject Always be willing to debate; last one debating in good faith is the won who wins; if you debate in good faith you always win, either learn or get point across; if no agreement on certain topics likely a difference in beliefs; must agree on definitions